PLATE 1.31. QUEEN MIDDLE LEG BASE

TOP Close-up of the leg base and coxal cavity of the middle leg. The articulating (intersegmental) "membrane" is characteristically covered with rows of tiny spinelike processes. (x 324)

BOTTOM LEFT. Close-up of the cuticular spines arising from the intersegmental "membrane" between the mesothoracic coxa and trochanter of the queen. The linearity of the rows of these spines is apparent in this view. (x 4,800)

BOTTOM RIGHT. Close-up of one of the unsocketed spines showing its general morphology and blunt tip. (x 18,000)