PLATE 1.5. QUEEN ANTENNA, BASE AND ELBOW

BOTTOM. Survey from the vertex of the queen head showing the hairy hemispherical compound eye with its array of interommatidial hairs. Both antennal bases are present; the left scape (first antenna segment) is the prominent short antenna segment, followed by the much longer pedicel (the first segment after the scape), and five flagellum segments follow thereafter, while six additional segments are outside this field. The flagellum moves relative to the scape by the action of two muscles that span the pedicel and insert on the first flagellum segment. (x 53)

TOP RIGHT. Base of the scape, seated within a membrane-lined socket that lies on the wall of the frons. Presumed mechanoreceptive hairs are in rows on the wall of the scape. (x 110)

TOP LEFT. Close-up of the articulation of the scape with the antenna socket. As the antenna moves, the hairs on the scape base may be differentially bent against the socket side. These hairs may be mechanoreceptors that monitor the attitude of the scape. (x 330)