PLATE 1.7. QUEEN HEAD, ANTERIOR VIEW

BOTTOM. Queen head. At the base of the antennae and projecting downward is the roughly rectangular clypeus; extending in front of that is the smaller, largely rectangular labrum (upper lip). Both mouthparts are very hirsute. Along the lateral sides of the clypeus-labrum are the clawlike mandibles. Projecting forward from between the mandibles are the galea and behind these are the labial lobes. (x 56)

TOP LEFT. Queen mouthparts, dorsoanterior view. Here the mandibles are better outlined and part of their articulation with the genae is visible. At this viewing angle the labrum completely covers the galea and labial lobes. (x 41)

TOP RIGHT. Medioproximal surface of the mandible where it adjoins the clypeus. Over 40 small, socketed hairs (possibly mechanoreceptors) make contact with the sides of the clypeus in normal mastication. If these hairs are innervated and mechanosensory in nature, they could monitor the attitude of the mandible relative to that of the clypeus-labrum. ( x 438)